Lung cancer remains the deadliest cancer in the United States, responsible for more deaths than breast, prostate, and colon cancers combined. Despite recent advances, the five-year survival rate is only 28.4%, reflecting the limited efficacy of existing therapies. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a progressive and cancer-like vascular disease, has an even worse prognosis, and at the advanced stage, when most patients are diagnosed, median survival ranges from only 0.6 to 2.5 years. This statistic reflects the limited efficacy of current treatment options. In both lung cancer and PAH, the existing therapies rarely achieve meaningful or lasting control of the disease. Moreover, the available treatments target all rapidly dividing cells, healthy and diseased. This non-specific action results in significant toxicity, diminishing patients’ quality of life, and frequently leading to treatment interruption or discontinuation. There is an urgent need for novel therapies that are not only more effective but also more selective and can arrest disease progression without affecting healthy cells.